Absolutism: Austria

The Habsburgs Leopold I was the Holy Roman Empire (He also inherited Bohemia, Austria, and a small part of Hungary) His court was known as Schonbrunn. A Privy Council led Leopold's government, acting as advisors to Leopold. Austria was also known for not only favoring native-born aristocrats in its court. Austrian aristocracy was made up of many different types of people.
  • Prince Eugene: very militaristic; (He grew up in France but was passed over for army commissions.) He wanted a military career, so he volunteered to serve the Austrians in the war with the Turks to expand Habsburg territory in the Balkans. Leopold, with the help of Prince Eugene, helped to push the Turks out of the Balkans and eventually had all of the territory up the Black Sea.
  • The Nobles of Hungary and Bohemia clung to their noble rights, and the power of the nobles was autonomonous.
  • Charles VI: only heir was his daughter Maria Theresa; in 1713 he drafted the Pragmatic Sanction, declaring that all Habsburg dominions would pass intact to eldest heir, male or female. However, when he died Maria Theresa she did not recieve heir and the state was in turmoil.
  • The War of Austrian Succession: (1740-1748) Maria Theresa had Hungarian troops, as well as help from Britain. She wanted to recover Silesia from Prussia. She wanted to reform the Church. She forbade founding of new establishments and abolished clergy's exemption from tax. She separated the core domains into 10 provinces each subdivided into districts directed by royal officials.